$0s$ $cc0m$ Societyy. $9$ $m1$ $o3$ $ax0oAo$ $s$ $o$ $a10$ $28sm$ $s\times $ $scnc9a990es$ $con$ escLreibe e eel n sigpausieandto e que eWstáan ste entre society ) paréntesis (Valor 10 puntos). The Aztecs of Mexico: A Zero Waste Society The Aztecs had modest beginnings, serving as mercenaries for other nations. In time, their reputation as fierce warriors grew and they (build) a $1\left(y-state$ Since other indigenous nations had already settled around the lakes on more desirable land, the only way for the Aztecs to accommodate a growing population (is). to develop around the small island. The Aztecs expanded $e\times |co-Ten0chtiHdn$ by building chinampas, or artificial islands... Most residents of $Me\times ic0=TenQcht+|an$ (live) on chinampas, where they also (grow) their (acrreop) s. Lake channels surrounded all four sides of each chinampa and wide enough for a canoe to navigate. These channels provided crop irrigation and an easy way to transport products to market... Aztec waste management The city expanded and the number of chinampas grew with it. By the year 1519, when the Spaniards (arrive) L $le\times 1c0-Ten0chttH$ $n$ had a population of over 200,000. It was the largest city in the Americas, caitny d one of the largest in the world – bigger than any European at the time... Due to the climate, the $abundancg$ of water and sunlight, as well as a temperate chinampas were highly productive, producing up to four crops a year, and about $w0=tnrds$ of the food consumed in the city. Another important factor in maintaining that high productivity was the intensive recycling nutrients. The Aztecs disposed of all kinds of organic wastes $ingofnU$ $lnthech$ $fe+ze$ chinampas, such as food leftovers and agricultural residues, which the crops. Further, the most valuable fertilizer used on the chinampas was human excrement. With other uses, such as for tanning leather, the excrement was swo as vacluoleld ecttehd at atnhd e ecvitey nthuaad lly a network of public latrines from which it (sell) at the city's main market. Human urine was used as a mordant $\left(fi\times ative\right)intnedyeinC$ $offabncs\right)$ and, thus also considered a resource... In Aztec times, Mexico sheep, goats or chickens (they were but the Aztecs wild consumed animal $\left(n$ $tn$ $ve$ $n$ $oducedby$ $neE$ $op$ $an$ $\right)$ $keys$ $duks$ $de$ $oten$ $o$ $ab$ $d0tdog$ $ase\right)edn9$ $hem$ $o0d$ $eF0$ fish, and itoztchueinr tli animals. They also protein cdaetteler, , they called for human consumption, leftovers... By recovering and recycling this waste, the Aztecs prevented pollution in the lakes that surrounded $ye\times 1c0=Tenocnt1+|an$ Any burnable materials, such as textiles, were recovered and burned at night in order to illuminate public spaces... During the rule of Moctezuma $1\left(1502t01520\right)$ dumping of waste and even littering in public spaces was prohibited and penalized. In some cases the penalties for violating the law would be considered disproportionate by today's $tan4ax$ $63$ a person could be sentenced to death for cutting down a living tree without proper authorization. Aztec society expected its rulers and nobility to be role models and stipulated stiffer penalties for them than for the general population if they violated the law... $ye\times 1c0=Ten$ $cn+1+|an$ had officials in charge of maintaining cleanliness and street sweeping. Scavengers - (call) pepenilia -were in charge of recovering recyclable materials. Interestingly, Mexican scavengers today are still called pepenadores (singular pepenador), which stems from the verb pepenar, for "to $sCrounqe/select$ that is itself derived from a Náhuatl (the Aztecs' language) word for to $chnnco/co1oc1$

ead the following text written by Jacquie Mccarnan and answer the uestions on the $rignt.1$ Lea el siguiente texto escrito por Jacquie Maccarnan y responda s preguntas en la derecha. Usually when you read an article about anorexia and | bulimia it's pretty depressing. There are stats about how many people have the disease, how many people don't report it, how many new cases there are, how many girls (and boys too) worry about their weight, how much power the media has on body image.whewl This article is $golng+0bcabi+di+fcrcn$ A) Say who or what the underlined The image above covers most $ofthe$ $prcyabcn$ numbers in words in the text refer to. the eating disorder realm. Not too many people are completely in the dark about Eating Disorders (ED) anymore. In the last 20 B) Match the equivalents. years the amount of information and awareness of ED has 1. depressing a. lesser improved to the point where almost everyone, in the western || 2. stats b. disappointing world, has heard of Anorexia and Bulimia (and their lesser 3. prevalent c. help recognized cousins, Binge Eating and Excessive Exercise). 4. support d. 5. consciousness e. cstaotmimstiocs n Most often articles on ED $f0c5$ on these numbers. The 6. less f. awareness ones in the image. The devastating reach of the disease. We feel that there are far too few articles, movies and Facebook significant pages that focus on recovery and optimism. C) Explain the meaning of: The reality of an ED is that people who have || 1. Not too many people are society's most ardent followers. They see what towheeny se ttaaehrrern e e t Disorders. civilization views as "perfect" and they strive to fulfil completely in the dark about Eating requirement. Sometimes they are so successful that || $1$ | and their lesser recognized actually killing themselves to meet the demand for perfection. cousins, Binge Eating and Excessive The film, No Numbers - Identity Beyond Measure, || Exercise. acknowledges these people in a way that no other film as. It examines the reasons why so many young people find themselves | D) Questions about the text. struggling with an eating disorder but it goes far beyond that to 1. According to the author of the text examine the roads to recovery. there aren't resources that show how As much as we would love $hsflm+0he|g$ people to tlheoasre n to recover and how to be optimistic. to love themselves the way they are, we are targeting Quote from the text a sentence that people that are suffering now. Some are doing it alone, with no || illustrates this statement. support and no treatment, Some $1key$ believe that they are 2. What's the first step to recovery? successful at meeting society's expectations. 3. Which film does the author of this We want them to see that they do not have to live up tto o text suggest us to see? some randomly, $oe4a-4cxcx$ model of perfection. We want 4. What is the film about? show them how "perfect" comes in a $\pi 105$ packages and that $h+ha+fics+step$ the step towards finding their way starts with $sc1f-acccptance$ February is Eating Disorder Awareness Month all ios vteo r North America and the UK. Throughout the month our goal have the film No Numbers - Identity Beyond Measure screened in as many places as possible. $x$ $4$ $1p/Ex$ $1$ $4$ $2$ $ccan$ (adapted)

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